COP28: Successful Side Event on the difference that fertilizer from green ammonia can make for food security and climate mitigation

The UN Climate Change Conference took place in Dubai, VAE from 30th November to 13th December 2023 and H2-diplo organised a Side Event in the German Pavilion that revolved around the question of how much potential green hydrogen offers to transform our agriculture and food systems towards more sustainability and resilience and how it can contribute to global food security and decarbonisation. The Importance of the topic was highlighted in speeches from State Secretary Anna Lührmann and the Director for Energy Diplomacy, Climate and Security Markus Hicken for the Federal Foreign Office and Petra Schwager for UNIDO. Furthermore, in a discussion with with Chinnan Maclean Dikwal (African Energy Council), Dr. Manal Shehabi (Oxford Institute for Energy Studies), Bernhard Stormyr (Yara International) and Dr. Martin Frick (World Food Programm), moderator Maria-José Poddey, Head of Climate Policy Support Programme at GIZ, delved deeper into the related questions and brought together the perspectives of business, science and civil society.

It became clear that the production and use of fertilizer from ammonia are important for global food production, but also contribute a lot to global greenhouse gas emissions. Green ammonia derived from green hydrogen can help reducing these emissions and allows countries from the global south to participate in the world market in a new way: by producing for domestic consumption, and by becoming an exporter instead of importer. The importance of a just transition and spill-over effects for the local population were also stressed, highlighting the role that especially women play in agriculture.

However green hydrogen-based ammonia is only one part of decarbonizing agriculture and the environmental problems generally associated with ammonia-based fertilizers should not be overlooked. Amongst many challenges that need to be addressed for the ramp-up of green fertilizers, is the price gap for which appropriate solutions have to be found.

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